As I pointed out, the period between the 1960s Whatsapp Mobile Number List and 1980s was neither a fairy tale nor Disneyland in Venezuela. From 1998 until the death of Chávez, the discourse to address the problem of insecurity had a predominantly social focus. As of 2013, the government discourse changed to a more repressive one, ideologically very Whatsapp Mobile Number List close to that of its supposed ideological opponents. In this way, two stages can be clearly distinguished in the official discourse and policy regarding citizen security in the Venezuela of the 21st century .. A first stage can be located between 1998 and 2013. It begins with the first government Whatsapp Mobile Number List of Chávez, which manages to capitalize on the discontent towards a delegitimized political system.
Chávez transforms that discontent into Whatsapp Mobile Number List hope and into a political project that promised a radical transformation, a break with the old order. That happened through the foundation of the Republic, the new Constitution and a Whatsapp Mobile Number List institutional reforms. The big issues were politics and the social. Citizen security was not on the agenda or it ended up being diluted in the discourse of social policies. The line was the classic Mertonian discourse: the lack of Whatsapp Mobile Number List opportunities creates conditions for the poorest to commit crimes.
What recipe calls for this? Then improve Whatsapp Mobile Number List their living conditions. Consequently, the focus was concentrated –apparently– on the social,cicpc ), prosecutors, courts and prisons. These institutions remained unchanged to the Whatsapp Mobile Number List changes. They were already very bad and were progressively becoming autonomous plots of power with respect to the State itself. This was not a novelty of the Chavez Whatsapp Mobile Number List government, it only worsened during this period. It was a kind of continuity of a process of precariousness and institutional deterioration.